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html basic:

basic:

HTML Headings:

HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

Example:

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<h2>This is a heading</h2>
<h3>This is a heading</h3>

 

HTML Paragraphs:

HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.

Example:

<p>This is a paragraph</p>
<p>This is another paragraph</p>

 

HTML Links:

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag.

Example:

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>

 

Note: The link address is provided as an attribute.

(You will learn about attributes in a later chapter of this tutorial)

HTML Images:

HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.

Example:

<img src="w3schools.jpg" width="104" height="142" />


html elements:

HTML Elements:

An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

Start tag * Element content End tag *
<p> This is a paragraph </p>
<a href="default.htm" > This is a link </a>
<br />    

* The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.

HTML Element Syntax:

  • An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag
  • An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag
  • The element content is everything between the start and the end tag
  • Some HTML elements have empty content
  • Empty elements are closed in the start tag
  • Most HTML elements can have attributes

(You will learn about element attributes in the next chapter of this tutorial)

Nested HTML Elements:

Most HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements).

HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.

HTML Document Example:

<html>

<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph</p>
</body>

</html>

The example above contains 3 HTML elements.

Example Explained:

The <p> element:

<p>This is my first paragraph</p>

The <p> element defines a paragraph in the HTML document
The element has a start tag <p> and an end tag </p>
The element content is: This is my first paragraph

The <body> element:

<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph</p>
</body>

The <body> element defines the body of the HTML document
The element has a start tag <body> and an end tag </body>
The element content is another HTML element (a paragraph)

The <html> element:

<html>

<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph</p>
</body>

</html>

The <html> element defines the whole HTML document.
The element has a start tag <html> and an end tag </html>
The element content is another HTML element (the body)

Don't Forget the End Tag:

Most browsers will display HTML correctly even if you forget the end tag:

<p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is a paragraph

The example above will work in most browsers, but don't rely on it. Forgetting the end tag can produce unexpected results or errors.

Note: Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip end tags.

Empty HTML Elements:

HTML elements without content are called empty elements. Empty elements can be closed in the start tag.

<br> is an empty element without a closing tag (it defines a line break).

In XHTML, XML, and future versions of HTML, all elements must be closed.

Adding a slash to the start tag, like <br />, is the proper way of closing empty elements, accepted by HTML, XHTML and XML.

Even if <br> works in all browsers, writing <br /> instead is more future proof.

HTML Tip: Use Lowercase Tags:

HTML tags are not case sensitive: <P> means the same as <p>. Plenty of web sites use uppercase HTML tags in their pages.

W3Schools use lowercase tags because the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendslowercase in HTML 4, and demands lowercase tags in future versions of (X)HTML.
 

HTML Attributes:


html attributes:

  • HTML elements can have attributes
  • Attributes provide additional information about the element
  • Attributes are always specified in the start tag
  • Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"

Attribute Example:

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is provided as an attribute:

Example:

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>

 

(You will learn about links in a later chapter of this tutorial)

Always Quote Attribute Values:

Attribute values should always be enclosed in quotes.

Double style quotes are the most common, but single style quotes are also allowed.

In some rare situations, like when the attribute value itself contains quotes, it is necessary to use single quotes:

name='John "ShotGun" Nelson'

HTML Tip: Use Lowercase Attributes:

Attribute names and attribute values are case-insensitive.

However, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends lowercase attributes/attribute values in their HTML 4 recommendation

Newer versions of (X)HTML will demand lowercase attributes.

HTML Attributes Reference:

Below is a list of some attributes that are standard for most HTML elements:

Attribute: Value: Description:
class class_rule or style_rule The class of the element
id id_name A unique id for the element
style style_definition An inline style definition
title tooltip_text  A text to display in a tool tip


html heading :

HTML Headings:

Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

<h1> defines the largest heading. <h6> defines the smallest heading.

Example:

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<h2>This is a heading</h2>
<h3>This is a heading</h3>

 

Note: Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after headings.

Headings Are Important:

Use HTML headings for headings only. Don't use headings to make text BIG or bold.

Search engines use your headings to index the structure and content of your web pages.

 

HTML Tag Reference:

W3Schools' tag reference contains additional information about these tags and their attributes.

You will learn more about HTML tags and attributes in the next chapters of this tutorial.

Tag: Description:
<html> Defines an HTML document
<body> Defines the document's body
<h1> to <h6> Defines header 1 to header 6
<hr /> Defines a horizontal rule
<!--> Defines a comment
 

 
html paragraphs :
 

HTML Paragraphs:

Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.

Example:

<p>This is a paragraph</p>
<p>This is another paragraph</p>

 

Note: Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after paragraphs.

Don't Forget the End Tag:

Most browsers will display HTML correctly even if you forget the end tag:

Example:

<p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is another paragraph

 

The example above will work in most browsers, but don't rely on it. Forgetting the end tag can produce unexpected results or errors.

Note: Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip end tags.

HTML Line Breaks:

Use the <br /> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph:

Example:

<p>This is<br />a para<br />graph with line breaks</p>

 

The <br /> element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag.

<br> or <br />:

In XHTML, XML, and future versions of HTML, HTML elements with no end tag (closing tag) are not allowed.

Even if <br> works in all browsers, writing <br /> instead is more future proof.

HTML Output - Useful Tips:

You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed. Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results.

With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code.

The browser will remove extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed. Any number of lines count as one space, and any number of spaces count as one space.



html text formatting:



HTML Text Formatting:

This text is bold

This text is big

This text is italic

This is computer output

This is subscript and superscript

 

HTML Formatting Tags:

HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text.

These HTML tags are called formatting tags.

Refer to the bottom of this page for a complete reference.

Text Formatting Tags:

Tag: Description:
<b> Defines bold text
<big> Defines big text
<em> Defines emphasized text 
<i> Defines italic text
<small> Defines small text
<strong> Defines strong text
<sub> Defines subscripted text
<sup> Defines superscripted text
<ins> Defines inserted text
<del> Defines deleted text
<s> Deprecated. Use <del> instead
<strike> Deprecated. Use <del> instead
<u> Deprecated. Use styles instead

"Computer Output" Tags:

Tag: Description:
<code> Defines computer code text
<kbd> Defines keyboard text 
<samp> Defines sample computer code
<tt> Defines teletype text
<var> Defines a variable
<pre> Defines preformatted text
<listing> Deprecated. Use <pre> instead
<plaintext> Deprecated. Use <pre> instead
<xmp> Deprecated. Use <pre> instead

Citations, Quotations, and Definition Tags:

Tag: Description:
<abbr> Defines an abbreviation
<acronym> Defines an acronym
<address> Defines an address element
<bdo> Defines the text direction
<blockquote> Defines a long quotation
<q> Defines a short quotation
<cite> Defines a citation
<dfn> Defines a definition term
 


html styles:


The style attribute is a new HTML attribute. It introduces CSS to HTML.

Look! Styles and colors

This text is in Verdana and red

This text is in Times and blue

This text is 30 pixels high

 

The HTML Style Attribute:

The purpose of the style attribute is:

To provide a common way to style all HTML elements.

Styles was introduced with HTML 4, as the new and preferred way to style HTML elements. With HTML styles, styles can be added to HTML elements directly by using the style attribute, or indirectly by in separate style sheets (CSS files).

You can learn everything about styles and CSS in our CSS tutorial.

In our HTML tutorial we use the style attribute to introduce you to HTML styles.

HTML Style Examples:

style="background-color:yellow"

style="font-size:10px"

style="font-family:Times"

style="text-align:center"

Deprecated Tags and Attributes:

In HTML 4, some tags and attributes are defined as deprecated. Deprecated means that they will not be supported in future versions of HTML and XHTML.

The message is clear: Avoid the use of deprecated tags and attributes.

These tags and attributes should be avoided:

Tags: Description:
<center> Defines centered content
<font> and <basefont> Defines HTML fonts
<s> and <strikeout> Defines strikeout text
<u> Defines underlined text
   
Attributes: Description:
align Defines the alignment of text
bgcolor Defines the background color
color Defines the text color

For all the above: Use styles instead.

Style Examples:

Background Color:

<body style="background-color:yellow">

The style attribute defines a style for the <body> element.

The new style attribute makes the "old" bgcolor attribute obsolete.

Font Family, Color and Size:

<p style="font-family:courier new; color:red; font-size:20px">

The style attribute defines a style for the <p> element.

The new style attribute makes the old <font> tag obsolete.

Text Alignment:

<h1 style="text-align:center">

The style attribute defines a style for the <h1> element.

The new style attribute makes the old "align" attribute obsolete.

 

HTML Tag Reference:

W3Schools' tag reference contains additional information about HTML elements and their attributes.

Tag Description
<p> Defines a paragraph
<br /> Inserts a single line break
 



html likns:

A link is the "address" to a document (or a resource) on the web.

Hyperlinks, Anchors, and Links:

In web terms, a hyperlink is a reference (an address) to a resource on the web.

Hyperlinks can point to any resource on the web: an HTML page, an image, a sound file, a movie, etc.

An anchor is a term used to define a hyperlink destination inside a document.

The HTML anchor element <a>, is used to define both hyperlinks and anchors.

We will use the term HTML link when the <a> element points to a resource, and the term HTML anchor when the <a> elements defines an address inside a document..

An HTML Link:

Link syntax:

<a href="url">Link text</a>

The start tag contains attributes about the link.

The element content (Link text) defines the part to be displayed.

Note: The element content doesn't have to be text. You can link from an image or any other HTML element.

The href Attribute:

The href attribute defines the link "address".

This <a> element defines a link to W3Schools:

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/">Visit W3Schools!</a>

 

The target Attribute:

The target attribute defines where the linked document will be opened.

The code below will open the document in a new browser window:

Example:

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/"
target="_blank">Visit W3Schools!</a>

 

The name Attribute:

When the name attribute is used, the <a> element defines a named anchor inside a HTML document.

Named anchor are not displayed in any special way. They are invisible to the reader.

Named anchor syntax:

<a name="label">Any content</a>

The link syntax to a named anchor: 

<a href="#label">Any content</a>

The # in the href attribute defines a link to a named anchor.

Example:

A named anchor inside an HTML document:

<a name="tips">Useful Tips Section</a>

A link to the Useful Tips Section from the same document: 

<a href="#tips">
Jump to the Useful Tips Section</a>

A link to the Useful Tips Section from another document:

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/
html_tutorial.htm#tips">
Jump to the Useful Tips Section</a>

Basic Notes - Useful Tips:

Always add a trailing slash to subfolder references. If you link like this: href="http://www.w3schools.com/html", you will generate two HTTP requests to the server, because the server will add a slash to the address and create a new request like this: href="http://www.w3schools.com/html/"

Named anchors are often used to create "table of contents" at the beginning of a large document. Each chapter within the document is given a named anchor, and links to each of these anchors are put at the top of the document.

If a browser cannot find a named anchor that  has been specified, it goes to the top of the document. No error occurs. 

Link Tags:

Tag: Description:
<a> Defines an anchor
 


html image:


Example:

Norwegian Mountain Trip

Pulpit Rock

 

The Image Tag and the Src Attribute:

In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. 

The <img> tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only and it has no closing tag.

To display an image on a page, you need to use the src attribute. Src stands for "source". The value of the src attribute is the URL of the image you want to display on your page.

The syntax of defining an image:

<img src="url" />

 

The browser puts the image where the image tag occurs in the document. If you put an image tag between two paragraphs, the browser shows the first paragraph, then the image, and then the second paragraph.

The Alt Attribute:

The alt attribute is used to define an "alternate text" for an image. The value of the alt attribute is an author-defined text:

<img src="boat.gif" alt="Big Boat" />

The "alt" attribute tells the reader what he or she is missing on a page if the browser can't load images. The browser will then display the alternate text instead of the image. It is a good practice to include the "alt" attribute for each image on a page, to improve the display and usefulness of your document for people who have text-only browsers.

Basic Notes - Useful Tips:

If an HTML file contains ten images - eleven files are required to display the page right. Loading images take time, so my best advice is: Use images carefully.

Image Tags:

Tag: Description:
<img> Defines an image
<map> Defines an image map
<area> Defines a clickable area inside an image map
 



html tables:



HTML Tables:

Apples 44%
Bananas 23%
Oranges 13%
Other 10%
 

Tables:

Tables are defined with the <table> tag. A table is divided into rows (with the <tr> tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag). The letters td stands for "table data," which is the content of a data cell. A data cell can contain text, images, lists, paragraphs, forms, horizontal rules, tables, etc.

<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>row 1, cell 1</td>
<td>row 1, cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 2, cell 1</td>
<td>row 2, cell 2</td>
</tr>
</table>

How it looks in a browser:

row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1 row 2, cell 2

Tables and the Border Attribute:

If you do not specify a border attribute the table will be displayed without any borders. Sometimes this can be useful, but most of the time, you want the borders to show.

To display a table with borders, you will have to use the border attribute:

<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>Row 1, cell 1</td>
<td>Row 1, cell 2</td>
</tr>
</table>

Headings in a Table:

Headings in a table are defined with the <th> tag.

<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Another Heading</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 1, cell 1</td>
<td>row 1, cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 2, cell 1</td>
<td>row 2, cell 2</td>
</tr>
</table>

How it looks in a browser:

Heading Another Heading
row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1 row 2, cell 2

Empty Cells in a Table:

Table cells with no content are not displayed very well in most browsers.

<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>row 1, cell 1</td>
<td>row 1, cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 2, cell 1</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>

How it looks in a browser:

row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1  

Note that the borders around the empty table cell are missing (NB! Mozilla Firefox displays the border).

To avoid this, add a non-breaking space (&nbsp;) to empty data cells, to make the borders visible: 

<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>row 1, cell 1</td>
<td>row 1, cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row 2, cell 1</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>

How it looks in a browser:

row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1  

Basic Notes - Useful Tips:

The <thead>,<tbody> and <tfoot> elements are seldom used, because of bad browser support. Expect this to change in future versions of XHTML. If you have Internet Explorer 5.0 or newer, you can view a working example in our XML tutorial.




html listes:


HTML supports ordered, unordered and definition lists.

HTML Lists:

  • This is the first
  • This is the second
  • This is the third
 

Unordered Lists:

An unordered list is a list of items. The list items are marked with bullets (typically small black circles).

An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag.

<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>

Here is how it looks in a browser:

  • Coffee
  • Milk

Inside a list item you can put paragraphs, line breaks, images, links, other lists, etc.

Ordered Lists:

An ordered list is also a list of items. The list items are marked with numbers.

An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag.

<ol>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ol>

Here is how it looks in a browser:

  1. Coffee
  2. Milk

Inside a list item you can put paragraphs, line breaks, images, links, other lists, etc.

Definition Lists:

A definition list is not a list of single items. It is a list of items (terms), with a description of each item (term).

A definition list starts with a <dl> tag (definition list).

Each term starts with a <dt> tag (definition term).

Each description starts with a <dd> tag (definition description).

<dl>
<dt>Coffee</dt>
<dd>Black hot drink</dd>
<dt>Milk</dt>
<dd>White cold drink</dd>
</dl>

Here is how it looks in a browser:

Coffee
Black hot drink
Milk
White cold drink

Inside the <dd> tag you can put paragraphs, line breaks, images, links, other lists, etc.

 

List Tags:


Tag: Description:
<ol> Defines an ordered list
<ul> Defines an unordered list
<li> Defines a list item
<dl> Defines a definition list
<dt> Defines a term (an item) in a definition list
<dd> Defines a description of a term in a definition list
<dir> Deprecated. Use <ul> instead
<menu> Deprecated. Use <ul> instead
 



html forms:


HTML Forms are used to select different kinds of user input.

Forms:

A form is an area that can contain form elements.

Form elements are elements that allow the user to enter information (like text fields, textarea fields, drop-down menus, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.) in a form.

A form is defined with the <form> tag.

<form>
.
input elements
.
</form>

Input:

The most used form tag is the <input> tag. The type of input is specified with the type attribute. The most commonly used input types are explained below.

Text Fields

Text fields are used when you want the user to type letters, numbers, etc. in a form.

<form>
First name:
<input type="text" name="firstname" />
<br />
Last name:
<input type="text" name="lastname" />
</form>

How it looks in a browser:

First name:  
Last name: 

Note that the form itself is not visible. Also note that in most browsers, the width of the text field is 20 characters by default. 

Radio Buttons

Radio Buttons are used when you want the user to select one of a limited number of choices.

<form>
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" /> Male
<br />
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="female" /> Female
</form>

How it looks in a browser:

 Male 
 Female

Note that only one option can be chosen.

Checkboxes

Checkboxes are used when you want the user to select one or more options of a limited number of choices.

<form>
I have a bike:
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike" />
<br />
I have a car:
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car" />
<br />
I have an airplane:
<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Airplane" />
</form>

How it looks in a browser:

I have a bike:  
I have a car:  
I have an airplane: 

The Form's Action Attribute and the Submit Button:

When the user clicks on the "Submit" button, the content of the form is sent to the server. The form's action attribute defines the name of the file to send the content to. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input.

<form name="input" action="html_form_submit.asp" method="get">
Username:
<input type="text" name="user" />
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>

How it looks in a browser:

Username:  

If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the "Submit" button, the browser will send your input to a page called "html_form_submit.asp". The page will show you the received input.

Form Tags:

Tag: Description:
<form> Defines a form for user input
<input> Defines an input field
<textarea> Defines a text-area (a multi-line text input control)
<label> Defines a label to a control
<fieldset> Defines a fieldset
<legend> Defines a caption for a fieldset
<select> Defines a selectable list (a drop-down box)
<optgroup> Defines an option group
<option> Defines an option in the drop-down box
<button> Defines a push button
<isindex> Deprecated. Use <input> instead
 


html colors:

Colors are displayed combining RED, GREEN, and BLUE light.

Color Values:

HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal (hex) notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB).

The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (hex 00). The highest value is 255 (hex FF).

Hex values are written as 3 double digit numbers, starting with a # sign.

Color Values:

Color Color HEX Color RGB
  #000000 rgb(0,0,0)
  #FF0000 rgb(255,0,0)
  #00FF00 rgb(0,255,0)
  #0000FF rgb(0,0,255)
  #FFFF00 rgb(255,255,0)
  #00FFFF rgb(0,255,255)
  #FF00FF rgb(255,0,255)
  #C0C0C0 rgb(192,192,192)
  #FFFFFF rgb(255,255,255)

 

16 Million Different Colors:

The combination of Red, Green and Blue values from 0 to 255 gives a total of more than 16 million different colors to play with (256 x 256 x 256).

Most modern monitors are capable of displaying at least 16384 different colors.

If you look at the color table below, you will see the result of varying the red light from 0 to 255, while keeping the green and blue light at zero.

To see a full list of color mixes when the red light varies from 0 to 255, click on one of the hex or rgb values below.

Red Light: Color HEX: Color RGB:
  #000000  rgb(0,0,0) 
  #080000  rgb(8,0,0) 
  #100000  rgb(16,0,0) 
  #180000  rgb(24,0,0) 
  #200000  rgb(32,0,0) 
  #280000  rgb(40,0,0) 
  #300000  rgb(48,0,0) 
  #380000  rgb(56,0,0) 
  #400000  rgb(64,0,0) 
  #480000  rgb(72,0,0) 
  #500000  rgb(80,0,0) 
  #580000  rgb(88,0,0) 
  #600000  rgb(96,0,0) 
  #680000  rgb(104,0,0) 
  #700000  rgb(112,0,0) 
  #780000  rgb(120,0,0) 
  #800000  rgb(128,0,0) 
  #880000  rgb(136,0,0) 
  #900000  rgb(144,0,0) 
  #980000  rgb(152,0,0) 
  #A00000  rgb(160,0,0) 
  #A80000  rgb(168,0,0) 
  #B00000  rgb(176,0,0) 
  #B80000  rgb(184,0,0) 
  #C00000  rgb(192,0,0) 
  #C80000  rgb(200,0,0) 
  #D00000  rgb(208,0,0) 
  #D80000  rgb(216,0,0) 
  #E00000  rgb(224,0,0) 
  #E80000  rgb(232,0,0) 
  #F00000  rgb(240,0,0) 
  #F80000  rgb(248,0,0) 
  #FF0000  rgb(255,0,0) 

Shades of Gray:

Gray colors are displayed using an equal amount of power to all of the light sources. To make it easier for you to select the right gray color we have compiled a table of gray shades for you:

Gray Shades: Color HEX: Color RGB:
  #000000  rgb(0,0,0) 
  #080808  rgb(8,8,8) 
  #101010  rgb(16,16,16) 
  #181818  rgb(24,24,24) 
  #202020  rgb(32,32,32) 
  #282828  rgb(40,40,40) 
  #303030  rgb(48,48,48) 
  #383838  rgb(56,56,56) 
  #404040  rgb(64,64,64) 
  #484848  rgb(72,72,72) 
  #505050  rgb(80,80,80) 
  #585858  rgb(88,88,88) 
  #606060  rgb(96,96,96) 
  #686868  rgb(104,104,104) 
  #707070  rgb(112,112,112) 
  #787878  rgb(120,120,120) 
  #808080  rgb(128,128,128) 
  #888888  rgb(136,136,136) 
  #909090  rgb(144,144,144) 
  #989898  rgb(152,152,152) 
  #A0A0A0  rgb(160,160,160) 
  #A8A8A8  rgb(168,168,168) 
  #B0B0B0  rgb(176,176,176) 
  #B8B8B8  rgb(184,184,184) 
  #C0C0C0  rgb(192,192,192) 
  #C8C8C8  rgb(200,200,200) 
  #D0D0D0  rgb(208,208,208) 
  #D8D8D8  rgb(216,216,216) 
  #E0E0E0  rgb(224,224,224) 
  #E8E8E8  rgb(232,232,232) 
  #F0F0F0  rgb(240,240,240) 
  #F8F8F8  rgb(248,248,248) 
  #FFFFFF  rgb(255,255,255) 

Cross-Browser Color Names:

A collection of nearly 150 color names are supported by all major browsers.

Web Standard Color Names:

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has listed 16 valid color names for HTML and CSS:

aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

If you want to use other colors, you should specify their HEX value.

Web Safe Colors?:

Some years ago, when computers supported max 256 different colors, a list of 216 "Web Safe Colors" was suggested as a Web standard, reserving 40 fixed system colors.

The 216 cross-browser color palette was created to ensure that all computers would display the colors correctly when running a 256 color palette.

This is not important now, since most computers can display millions of different colors. Anyway here is the list:

000000 000033 000066 000099 0000CC 0000FF
003300 003333 003366 003399 0033CC 0033FF
006600 006633 006666 006699 0066CC 0066FF
009900 009933 009966 009999 0099CC 0099FF
00CC00 00CC33 00CC66 00CC99 00CCCC 00CCFF
00FF00 00FF33 00FF66 00FF99 00FFCC 00FFFF
330000 330033 330066 330099 3300CC 3300FF
333300 333333 333366 333399 3333CC 3333FF
336600 336633 336666 336699 3366CC 3366FF
339900 339933 339966 339999 3399CC 3399FF
33CC00 33CC33 33CC66 33CC99 33CCCC 33CCFF
33FF00 33FF33 33FF66 33FF99 33FFCC 33FFFF
660000 660033 660066 660099 6600CC 6600FF
663300 663333 663366 663399 6633CC 6633FF
666600 666633 666666 666699 6666CC 6666FF
669900 669933 669966 669999 6699CC 6699FF
66CC00 66CC33 66CC66 66CC99 66CCCC 66CCFF
66FF00 66FF33 66FF66 66FF99 66FFCC 66FFFF
990000 990033 990066 990099 9900CC 9900FF
993300 993333 993366 993399 9933CC 9933FF
996600 996633 996666 996699 9966CC 9966FF
999900 999933 999966 999999 9999CC 9999FF
99CC00 99CC33 99CC66 99CC99 99CCCC 99CCFF
99FF00 99FF33 99FF66 99FF99 99FFCC 99FFFF
CC0000 CC0033 CC0066 CC0099 CC00CC CC00FF
CC3300 CC3333 CC3366 CC3399 CC33CC CC33FF
CC6600 CC6633 CC6666 CC6699 CC66CC CC66FF
CC9900 CC9933 CC9966 CC9999 CC99CC CC99FF
CCCC00 CCCC33 CCCC66 CCCC99 CCCCCC CCCCFF
CCFF00 CCFF33 CCFF66 CCFF99 CCFFCC CCFFFF
FF0000 FF0033 FF0066 FF0099 FF00CC FF00FF
FF3300 FF3333 FF3366 FF3399 FF33CC FF33FF
FF6600 FF6633 FF6666 FF6699 FF66CC FF66FF
FF9900 FF9933 FF9966 FF9999 FF99CC FF99FF
FFCC00 FFCC33 FFCC66 FFCC99 FFCCCC FFCCFF
FFFF00 FFFF33 FFFF66 FFFF99 FFFFCC FFFFFF
 
 
  
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